Where our knowledge comes from.
And where it doesn't.
DJ knowledge circulates online mostly as assertion: a forum post cites a video, the video cites a blog, the blog cites nobody. We work against that chain. This page sets out which sources we allow at all — and which we deliberately exclude.
Where we currently stand
These figures aren't written into the page as text — they're counted from the register and from the learning content itself at every build. So they can't go stale in our favour.
- 77
- Sources in the register
- 71
- of them primary sources
- 2582
- Statements with a citation
- 115
- Lessons carrying a marker
Some context, so the numbers don't look bigger than they are: we're at the beginning. By far the largest part of our learning content is craft and practice knowledge, which by the rules above needs no source at all. What does require a source is the hard core — figures, specs, menu paths, the legal position — and we're working through that piece by piece. What isn't yet sourced, we don't present as fact either.
Not every sentence needs a footnote
“Use effects sparingly” is craft teaching, not a factual claim. Inventing a scientific source for it would be false authority — and exactly the breach of trust we want to avoid. That's why we distinguish three kinds of statement with different sourcing obligations.
Fact
Verifiable statements about the world: figures, prices, technical details, menu paths, file formats, the legal situation.
Needs at least one primary source or specialist literature. For law and health, primary sources only.
Practice
Craft and experience: “Learn beatmatching before you use sync.” A teaching position, not a statement of fact.
One source is enough — or we mark it openly as our editorial assessment.
Teaching
Motivation, tone, practice instructions: “This phase will cost you two to three days.”
Needs no evidence — but may not smuggle in a factual claim. An automated test watches for that.
Which sources we allow
We keep a fixed register. What isn't in it doesn't get cited — and what we can't cite, we don't assert as fact.
Primary source
The originator of the thing itself. If you write about a controller, you cite the manufacturer. If you write about GEMA, you cite GEMA.
Typical examples: Manufacturer manuals, legislation, GEMA tariffs, audio standards, platform terms
- DDJ-FLX2 — Bedienungsanleitung (User manuals & documentation)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturer2024-11-14retrieved 03.08.2026
German edition, 156 pages. The dates contradict each other: 14.11.2024 on the documentation page, 29.10.2024 in the German support article. To be resolved at the next re-check.
- Company information — AlphaTheta CorporationAlphaTheta CorporationManufacturer2020-01-01retrieved 04.08.2026
Evidence for: the renaming of Pioneer DJ Corporation to AlphaTheta Corporation as of 01.01.2020; the Pioneer DJ brand remained in place; new products now also appear under the AlphaTheta brand.
- DDJ-FLX2 — Produktseite (Features & Spezifikationen)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 03.08.2026
Evidence for the mixer's controls: EQ knobs, channel faders, crossfader — NO gain/trim knob, no dedicated loop in/out buttons (loops run via the performance pads).
- CDJ-3000 — Bedienungsanleitung (User manuals & documentation)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturer2020-09-15retrieved 03.08.2026
German edition, document date 15.09.2020.
- Tarif VR-Ö — Vervielfältigung zum Zwecke der öffentlichen WiedergabeGEMAInstitution2026-01-01retrieved 04.08.2026
Edition valid from 01.01.2026. The licence applies per reproduced work and has no time limit; +20 % surcharge for GVL neighbouring rights. The actual amounts appear only in the tariff document, not on the page.
- § 15 UrhG — Allgemeines (Gesetz über Urheberrecht und verwandte Schutzrechte)Bundesministerium der Justiz / Bundesamt für JustizLaw2024-10-23retrieved 03.08.2026
Consolidated status: last amended by Art. 28 G of 23.10.2024. Para. 2: the right of communication to the public; para. 3: when a communication counts as public.
- rekordbox Instruction ManualAlphaTheta CorporationManufacturer2026-07-06retrieved 04.08.2026
Version 7.2.16, 265 pages, in English — full text in the archive. Menu paths and feature set can change with every update. ⚠️ A complete GERMAN edition of the 7.x manual does not exist — in German there is only a 30-page introduction to 7.2.14. Waiting for it was waiting for something that isn't there. Current software on 10.08.2026: 7.2.17 (30.07.2026).
- Camelot WheelMixed In Key LLCManufacturerretrieved 03.08.2026
Primary source: the Camelot system comes from Mixed In Key.
- What is the audio quality like with Beatport Streaming?BeatportPlatform2026-05-05retrieved 03.08.2026
Streaming quality only. Evidence for neither download formats nor track prices.
- Der GEMA DJ-TarifGEMAInstitutionretrieved 03.08.2026
Tariff VR-Ö concerns the DJ's reproduction rights, separate from the organiser's performance right.
- R 128 — Loudness normalisation and permitted maximum level of audio signalsEuropean Broadcasting UnionStandard2023-11retrieved 03.08.2026
Version 5.0. Target value −23 LUFS for broadcast. Does not cover streaming targets.
- Häufig gestellte Fragen — Über rekordbox 7 (Hardware Unlock)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturer2026-01retrieved 10.08.2026
As of January 2026. Evidence for the hardware unlock of the DDJ-FLX2, not for the full feature set of the paid plans.
- DJM-A9 — All specifications & featuresAlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 10.08.2026
Evidence for the 3-band EQ and the additional isolator mode of the DJM range.
- Introducing DDJ-FLX2 — kompakter 2-Kanal-DJ-ControllerAlphaTheta CorporationManufacturer2024-10-29retrieved 10.08.2026
Evidence for the class compliance of the DDJ-FLX2. At the same time refutes an optional Pioneer ASIO driver for this model. Taken from the research report of 2026-08-10 (docs/quellen-archiv/recherche/).
- DJM-900NXS2 — Produktseite (4-Kanal-DJ-Mixer)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 10.08.2026
Evidence for 4 channels and the independent send/return. NOT evidenced: the booth level control and the EQ range of this model. Taken from the research report of 2026-08-10.
- TRAKTOR KONTROL D2 — BenutzerhandbuchNative InstrumentsManufacturerretrieved 19.08.2026
- Serato DJ Pro — User ManualSeratoManufacturerretrieved 19.08.2026
- Audio Encoding 101Serato LimitedManufacturerretrieved 10.08.2026
Manufacturer recommendation of 320 kbps CBR joint stereo for lossy DJ files. Not a standard, not a minimum requirement. Taken from the research report of 2026-08-10.
- Why is Beatport increasing prices?BeatportPlatform2026-05-05retrieved 10.08.2026
Evidence for the single-track prices in euros (1,59 / 1,39 / 2,39 € plus a 0,75 € lossless surcharge) and the lossless formats WAV/AIFF. Independently confirmed by Beatport's own price table in the archive.
- Safe listening devices and systems: a WHO-ITU standardWorld Health Organization / International Telecommunication UnionInstitution2019retrieved 10.08.2026
Evidence for: hearing damage from loud sound is irreversible, the recommended limit for recreational noise (below 80 dB, max. 40 h/week) and the dose logic behind it. Full text in the archive.
- DGUV Information 209-023 — Lärm am ArbeitsplatzDeutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung e.V. (DGUV)Institution2021-11retrieved 10.08.2026
Evidence for the German action values of 80/85 dB(A) and the threshold below which there is no risk of irreversible hearing damage. Full text in the archive.
- Recommendation ITU-R BS.1770-5 — Algorithms to measure audio programme loudness and true-peak audio levelInternational Telecommunication UnionStandard2023-11retrieved 10.08.2026
The measurement specification behind LUFS and true peak. Version -5 of 11/2023. Full text in the archive.
- Loudness normalization on SpotifySpotifyPlatformretrieved 10.08.2026
Evidence for the target value -14 LUFS and the reference to ITU 1770. Explicitly does NOT apply to the web player and third-party devices.
- Wird SoundCloud meinen Track auf dem Level abspielen, auf dem er gemastert wurde?SoundCloudPlatformretrieved 10.08.2026
Evidence for -14 LUFS integrated at max. -1 dBTP as the master recommendation. The minus signs were lost in the extracted text — check against the original.
- DDJ-200 — BedienungsanleitungAlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 11.08.2026
German edition, 193 pages. In the buying guide under “Best choice to start with”.
- DDJ-FLX4 — BedienungsanleitungAlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 11.08.2026
German edition, 177 pages.
- DDJ-REV1 — BedienungsanleitungAlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 11.08.2026
German edition, 66 pages. A Serato device — no rekordbox support.
- DDJ-FLX6 — Instruction ManualAlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 11.08.2026
English edition, 122 pages. ⚠️ Documents the DDJ-FLX6, NOT the FLX6-GT from our buying guide. Carries only statements that hold for both; anything GT-specific needs the GT manual.
- DDJ-400 — Service Manual (ORDER NO. QRT1023)Pioneer DJ CorporationManufacturer2018retrieved 11.08.2026
English, 82 pages, merged from two partial PDFs. ⚠️ A service manual for technicians, NOT the operating instructions — it carries hardware specifications (from p. 5) but nothing about operation.
- Hercules DJControl Inpulse 200 — BenutzerhandbuchGuillemot Corporation (Hercules)Manufacturerretrieved 11.08.2026
German edition, 24 pages, DJUCED software. ⚠️ Documents the Inpulse 200, NOT the MK2 recommended in our buying guide. Unusable for MK2-specific statements.
- Plans & pricing — rekordboxAlphaThetaManufacturerretrieved 12.08.2026
Four tiers: Free, Core, Creative, Professional. Taken 2026-08-12 from the manufacturer's page; amounts in euros per month.
- Serato DJ Pro — PricingSeratoManufacturerretrieved 12.08.2026
A perpetual licence and a monthly subscription, quoted in US dollars. Taken 2026-08-12; the monthly subscription was last raised in October 2025.
- Traktor Pro 4 — PresseinformationNative InstrumentsManufacturerretrieved 12.08.2026
Traktor Pro 4 separates any track into four stems (drums, bass, vocals, remaining instruments) without preparing the file.
- Spotify & DJ SoftwareSpotifyPlatform2025-09-24retrieved 12.08.2026
Integration into rekordbox, Serato and djay, available since 2025-09-24 for Premium accounts, Germany included. Evidence for availability, not for the scope of the licence.
- DDJ-FLX2 — Einsteiger-Controller mit eingebautem Audio-InterfaceAlphaThetaManufacturerretrieved 12.08.2026
The DDJ-FLX2 replaces the DDJ-200 and, unlike it, brings a built-in audio interface. Taken 2026-08-12.
- Gebühren für die Anmeldung einer deutschen MarkeDeutsches Patent- und MarkenamtInstitutionretrieved 12.08.2026
290 € basic fee for an electronic application covering up to three Nice classes, each further class 100 €. Taken 2026-08-12.
- Mixed In Key — PreiseMixed In KeyManufacturerretrieved 12.08.2026
Standard licence 58 US dollars one-off, alongside Pro and Suite. Taken 2026-08-12.
- DJControl Inpulse 200 MK2 — ProduktseiteHercules (Guillemot Corporation)Manufacturerretrieved 03.09.2026
- HDJ-CUE1 — DJ headphones (Produktseite)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 03.09.2026
- HD 25 — ProduktseiteSennheiserManufacturerretrieved 03.09.2026
- ATH-M50x — Professional monitor headphones (Produktseite)Audio-TechnicaManufacturerretrieved 03.09.2026
- ROKIT 5 Generation Five Powered Studio Monitor (Produktseite)KRK SystemsManufacturerretrieved 03.09.2026
- PLX-500 — Direct drive turntable (Produktseite)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 03.09.2026
- Reloop RP-7000 MK2 — ProduktseiteReloopManufacturerretrieved 03.09.2026
- DJM-250MK2 — 2-channel DJ mixer (Produktseite)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 03.09.2026
- Concorde MKII Mix — ProduktseiteOrtofon A/SManufacturerretrieved 03.09.2026
- DDJ-FLX10 — Produktseite (DJ-Controller)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- XDJ-RX3 — Produktseite (All-in-One-DJ-System)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- HDJ-X5 — Produktseite (DJ-Kopfhörer)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- HDJ-X7 — Produktseite (DJ-Kopfhörer)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- PLX-1000 — Produktseite (DJ-Plattenspieler)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- DJM-450 — Produktseite (DJ-Mixer)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- DJM-S5 — Herstellermeldung zur Vorstellung (2-Kanal-Scratch-Mixer)AlphaTheta CorporationManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- Mixtrack Platinum FX — Produktseite (DJ-Controller)Numark (inMusic)Manufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- DJControl Inpulse 300 MK2 — ProduktseiteHercules (Guillemot Corporation)Manufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- TRAKTOR KONTROL S2 MK3 — ProduktseiteNative InstrumentsManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- TRAKTOR KONTROL S4 (MK3) — ProduktseiteNative InstrumentsManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- DT 770 PRO — ProduktseitebeyerdynamicManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- MDR-7506 — Produktseite (Sony Professional)Sony Europe (Professional)Manufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- HS-Serie — Produktseite (Studio-Monitore HS5/HS7/HS8)Yamaha Music EuropeManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- ROKIT 8 G5 — Produktseite (Powered Studio Monitor)KRK SystemsManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- 305P MkII — Produktseite (JBL Professional)JBL Professional (Harman)Manufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- T5V — Produktseite (T-Serie)ADAM AudioManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- iLoud Micro Monitor — ProduktseiteIK MultimediaManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- SL-1200MK7 — Produktseite (DJ-Plattenspieler)Technics (Panasonic)Manufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- RP-4000 MK2 — ProduktseiteReloopManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- AT-LP120XUSB — ProduktseiteAudio-TechnicaManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- Xone Series — Produktseite (Xone:23)Allen & HeathManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- Concorde MKII Club — ProduktseiteOrtofon A/SManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- Concorde MKII Scratch — ProduktseiteOrtofon A/SManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
- Concorde MKII DJ — ProduktseiteOrtofon A/SManufacturerretrieved 07.09.2026
Specialist literature & institutions
Established literature and public bodies. Always secondary literature — it reports on something, which is why it is never tier A.
Typical examples: Specialist books with an ISBN, academic papers with a DOI, chambers of commerce, consumer advice centres
- Dance Music ManualFocal PressSpecialist book2024-09-12retrieved 03.08.2026
5th edition (2024). ⚠️ The research report of 2026-08-10 consulted the 4th edition (2019) — the page numbers in the code comments refer to that one and do NOT apply to this edition. Evidence taken from it: the BPM definition (ch. 16), genre tempos for house/techno/drum & bass/trance (ch. 27-32), level summation in the bass (ch. 17) and explicitly that there are NO universal LOW/MID/HIGH boundaries (ch. 34). The link points at a book wholesaler and should move to the publisher's page.
- The Mixing Engineer's HandbookBobby Owsinski Media GroupSpecialist book2025-10-06retrieved 03.08.2026
6th edition.
- How To DJ (Properly)Bantam PressSpecialist book2006-11-20retrieved 03.08.2026
- Unlocking the Groove: Rhythm, Meter, and Musical Design in Electronic Dance MusicIndiana University PressSpecialist book2006-11-15retrieved 10.08.2026
Evidence for the definition of four-on-the-floor (p. 78), NOT for its historical origin. Taken from the research report of 2026-08-10.
- Preisvergleich DJ-Controller (Deutschland)GeizhalsTrade publicationretrieved 12.08.2026
German retail prices, taken 2026-08-12: DDJ-FLX4 from about 295 €, DDJ-REV1 from about 256 €, DDJ-FLX2 from about 156 €. Street prices, not manufacturer figures — which is why the text says “about” throughout.
Trade media
Editorially run industry media with an imprint. Enough for market and practice statements — never for law, health or hard technical figures.
Typical examples: Trade magazines and portals of the DJ and audio industry
- Loudness Targets For Streaming PlatformsMastering The MixTrade publicationretrieved 10.08.2026
Trade publication with an imprint. Evidence for loudness targets on platforms that publish NO figures of their own (YouTube, club play). Contradicts the primary source on SoundCloud — there SoundCloud itself applies.
What we do not accept as a source
- Forums and Reddit
- YouTube tutorials with no evidence of their own
- Wikipedia (only as a springboard to the sources it names)
- other DJ courses
- product descriptions from shops
- blogs with no imprint
- output from AI systems
For us, AI systems are research assistants, not a source — not even when the answer sounds convincing. And we don't take second-hand citations: if you find “X writes that Y says”, you open Y.
How often we re-check
A price from two years ago isn't a source, it's a memory. That's why every source gets an expiry date. When it runs out, our automatic check fires before anyone reads the outdated figure.
| Prices and platform terms | every 6 months |
| Software behaviour and menu paths | every 12 months |
| The legal situation and GEMA tariffs | every 12 months |
| Hardware specifications | every 36 months |
| Music theory, acoustics, physics | timeless |
Next review due in the register: 02/2027. After that our automatic check speaks up, for as long as the source hasn't been looked at again.
The “sources checked” mark
A lesson carries this mark only when two things are true at once: it has been editorially checked against its sources, and every single factual statement in it is sourced. Everything else stays unmarked — a half-covered trust signal would be worse than none, because people stop checking the moment they see a seal.
Found a mistake? Write to us using the contact details in the imprint. We prefer corrections to facts over a good feeling.